Today we studied reporting verbs. Here's the information on today's handout:
Reporting verbs
When introducing references into the text (citing) you should choose suitable 'reporting' verbs as these can:
• strengthen the arguments you are presenting
• help the reader understand why the source is relevant.
Some verbs are neutral:
• Smith (2004) describes...
• Jones (1999, p 3) states...
• Green (2002) defines...
Some verbs draw attention to the author's viewpoint:
• Harris (2001) argues...
• O'Neill (1997) disputed...
• Jackson (2003) conceded...
Some verbs give information about the author's work:
• Holmes (2000) investigated...
• Church (1998) evaluated...
• McColl (2002) estimated...
Some verbs highlight the author's viewpoint:
• Brown (2001) believes...
• McAllister (1996) recognised...
• Smith (2004) predicted...
Other useful reporting verbs (use present or past tense as appropriate)
• analyse/analysed
• compares/compared
• comments/commented
• concludes/concluded
• criticises/criticised
• demonstrates/demonstrated
• discusses/discussed
• illustrates/illustrated
• indicates/indicated
• notes/noted
• observes/observed
• points out/pointed out
• reports/reported
• shows/showed
• suggests/suggested
• validates/validated
• verifies/verified
For a practice quiz, click here.
For advanced questions, try this.
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